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The subject of the IGF research project 22502 N was the application of X-ray diffraction analysis for production and quality control of calcined clays and cements produced with them, in order to accelerate the development of cements with further reduced clinker content within the framework of the decarbonisation of the cement industry.
In this research project, IR spectroscopy in combination with mathematical tools (chemometrics) is going to be evaluated as an analytical method for the characterisation of silica based materials, primarily X-ray amorphous materials, with regard to the reliable determination of the composition of material mixtures with X-ray amorphous materials (e.g. ternary cements with calcined clay and/or recycled concrete fines). In a next step, the findings on the analytical method and evaluation routines developed for cement are going to be evaluated with regard to their transferability to siliceous aggregates for estimating its alkali sensitivity.
The replacement of primary fuels by alternative fuels is of great economic and ecological importance for the cement industry and is to be increased in the future. The fuel ashes are used as raw material in the cement clinker and influence its properties as well as the coating formation on the refractory lining in the kiln. Exact knowledge of these effects is indispensable for the further increase of the alternative fuel rate and the simultaneous optimisation of the kiln operation as well as for the maintenance of the clinker quality and the service life of the refractory lining.
The aim of the research project was to investigate the suitability of largely unutilised mineral secondary raw materials from the stone and earth industry as a resource-conserving and climate-friendly main cement constituent. The utilisation of calcined clays from secondary raw materials instead of conventional cement main constituents or high-quality primary clays can make an important contribution to the production of climate-friendly and resource-efficient cements. This means that the transformation process of the cement industry can be shaped in a way that is not only cli-mate-friendly but also resource-efficient.
The acceptance of resource-efficient cements with significantly reduced specific CO₂ emissions is still too low in construction practice. The main reason for this is that early strength is not high enough for economical production processes and also competitive construction with concrete. Accelerating admixtures can improve the early strength of concrete. The research project investigates interactions between concrete admixtures that accelerate the strength development and cements with several main constituents.
The research project was investigating the extent to which more intensive mixing and further cement constituents besides clinker increase the mixing energy input and can increase the early cement hydration and thus the strength development of clinker-efficient cements.
